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<1>
Accession Number
2009616905
Authors
Abuissa H. O'Keefe J.H. Bybee K.A.
Institution
(Abuissa, O'Keefe, Bybee) University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, United
States.
(O'Keefe, Bybee) Mid-America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, United
States.
Title
Statins as antiarrhythmics: A systematic review part I: Effects on risk of
atrial fibrillation.
Source
Clinical Cardiology. 32(10)(pp 544-548), 2009. Date of Publication: 2009.
Publisher
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Abstract
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that statins may possess
antiarrhythmic properties in addition to their lipid-lowering effects.
Methods: Studies which reported the association of statins with the
incidence of atrial arrhythmias were identified through a systematic
review of published literature. Results: One randomized,
placebo-controlled trial of 200 patients undergoing cardiac surgery showed
that atorvastatin decreased the incidence of postoperative atrial
fibrillation by 61%. Observational studies in patients with stable
coronary disease, left ventricular dysfunction, or those undergoing
cardiac or noncardiac surgery show that statin therapy is associated with
an approximately 50% lower rate of atrial fibrillation. Two small
randomized trials reported conflicting results: one showing that
atorvastatin reduced the recurrence of AF after electrical cardioversion
and the other finding that pravastatin did not. Conclusions: Published
data suggests that statins may possess antiarrhythmic properties that
reduce the propensity for atrial fibrillation. Most of this data is
observational; more randomized, placebo-controlled trials are needed.
copyright 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
<2>
Accession Number
2009555615
Authors
Sousa Uva M. Freitas S. Pedro A. Matias F. Mesquita A. Bau J. Pinho J.
Fernandes J. Magalhaes M.P.
Title
Off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery in women.
Source
Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia. 28(7-8)(pp 813-824), 2009. Date of
Publication: July-August 2009.
Publisher
Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia
Abstract
Objective: Gender is a well-known risk factor for mortality and morbidity
after coronary artery bypass grafting and various reasons have been
proposed to explain the poorer results observed in women. The study
objective was to determine whether female gender was still an operative
risk factor with the adoption of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.
Methods: Of 2123 consecutive patients who underwent isolated CABG between
November 2002 and December 2007, 1966 (92.6%) (481 women and 1485 men)
were operated without cardiopulmonary bypass and form the study
population. Women were older (69.0 vs. 64.7 years; p=0.001) and had more
severe angina (CCS class 3.1 vs. 2.7; p=0.001), smaller body surface area
(1.6 vs. 1.8 m2; p=0.001), higher body mass index and greater incidence of
diabetes (48.3% vs. 34.2%; p=0.005) than men. There were no statistically
significant differences in the incidence of three-vessel disease (69.5%
vs. 71.9%) or left main disease (22.2% vs. 27.0%) but ejection fraction
was higher in women (61.3% vs. 59.0%; p=0.01). Risk factors for
in-hospital mortality were identified by univariate analysis and logistic
regression. Results: The number of distal anastomoses was lower in women
than in men (2.8 vs. 3.0; p=0.001). In-hospital mortality was 2.0% in
women and 0.8% in men (p=0.01) and female gender was one of the eight risk
factors for in-hospital mortality identified by univariate analysis. Using
a logistic regression model, only age (OR: 1.7; 95% CI 1.01-1.14; p=0.02)
and logistic EuroSCORE (OR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.10; p<0.001) were
independently associated with in-hospital mortality. Logistic EuroSCORE
was the only independent risk factor for major morbidity (OR: 1.07 95% CI
1.04-1.10; p<0.001). Conclusion: Women who undergo coronary artery bypass
grafting have an unfavorable clinical profile compared to men, resulting
in higher unadjusted in-hospital mortality. However, in an unselected
patient population undergoing off-pump CABG, female gender was not found
to be an independent risk factor for mortality or major morbidity.
<3>
Accession Number
2009634809
Authors
Desai S.H. Chouksey A. Poll J. Berger M.
Institution
(Desai) Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, University
Hospitals of Cleveland, OH, United States.
(Chouksey, Poll, Berger) Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital,
University Hospitals of Cleveland, OH, United States.
Title
A pilot study of equal doses of 10% IGIV given intravenously or
subcutaneously.
Source
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 124(4)(pp 854-856), 2009.
Date of Publication: October 2009.
Publisher
Mosby Inc.
<4>
Accession Number
2009619261
Authors
Cerrahoglu M. Taner Kurdal A. Iskesen I. Onur E. Sirin H.
Institution
(Cerrahoglu, Taner Kurdal, Iskesen, Sirin) Department of Cardiovascular
Surgery, CeIaI Bayar University, School of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey.
(Onur) Department of Biochemistry, CeIaI Bayar University, School of
Medicine, Manisa, Turkey.
Title
Calcium dobesilate reduces oxidative stress in cardiac surgery.
Source
Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery. 50(5)(pp 695-701), 2009. Date of
Publication: October 2009.
Publisher
Edizioni Minerva Medica S.p.A.
Abstract
Aim. Calcium dobesilate (CD) is a synthetic benzene sulfonate derivative
and an angioprotective agent used orally. It can be used in patients who
have diabetic retinopathy or chronic venous insufficiency. The aim of this
study was to investigate the effect of CD on the reduction of oxidative
stress during coronary artery bypass graft operations on cardiopulmonary
bypass. Methods. A double-blind prospective randomized study was carried
out on 30 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass operations. The
control and study groups were composed of 15 patients each. Pretreatment
with CD started two weeks before the operation. Serial blood samples for
superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase were collected for the serum
concentration measurements of the major endogenous antioxidant enzyme
systems and malondialdehyde for scavenging capacity. Results. After the
release of cross clamp levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione
peroxidase. they were significantly higher in the study group than in the
control group (P<0.05). Malondialdehyde levels in the study group were
significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The cardiac
function after aortic declamping was affected by CD, indicating
contribution of CD to myocardial injury from ischemia/reperfusion.
Conclusion. The study suggests that pretreatment with CD alleviates
malondialdehyde production and preserves endogenous antioxidant capacity
during cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest.
<5>
Accession Number
2009619260
Authors
Tamayo E. Alvarez F.J. Alonso O. Bustamante R. Castrodeza J. Soria S. Lajo
C.
Institution
(Tamayo, Alonso, Soria, Lajo) Department of Anaesthesiology and
Reanimation, Valladolid University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain.
(Alvarez) Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain.
(Bustamante) Department of Clinical Analysis, University of Valladolid,
Valladolid, Spain.
(Castrodeza) Department of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
Title
Effects of simvastatin on systemic inflammatory responses after
cardiopulmonary bypass.
Source
Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery. 50(5)(pp 687-694), 2009. Date of
Publication: October 2009.
Publisher
Edizioni Minerva Medica S.p.A.
Abstract
Aim. Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with a complex systemic
inflammatory response and the extent of their increase has been correlated
with the development of postoperative complications. Recent studies
suggest that treatment with statins is associated with a significant and
marked decrease in inflammation-associated variables such as cytokines.
Therefore, we investigated the effects of preoperative simvastatin
treatment on systemic inflammatory response and perioperative morbidity
after cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods. A prospective, randomized study,
was designed. Forty-four subjects undergoing elective coronary artery
bypass grafting who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomized to
treatment with simvastatin (20 mg/day, group A, N. 22) or control (group
B, N. 22) before surgery. Plasma levels of interleukins (IL-6, IL-8,
TNF-alpha), and systemic inflammatory response score (SIRS) were measured
during the surgical intervention and over the following 48 postoperative
hours. Cytokine levels were measured by enzyme-linked assays from plasma
samples obtained at specific time points pre- and post-operation. Results.
In both groups the serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6,
IL-8, TNF-alpha), and leukocytes, and the SIRS score increased
significantly over the baseline, though no significant differences were
observed between the two groups. The preoperative and postoperative course
did not differ between both groups. Conclusion. In patients undergoing
coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass, the
administration of simvastatin doses not produce any changes in the
inflammatory response as measured by the levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha
and SIRS score, nor does it reduce the complications after cardiac
surgery.
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