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<1>
Accession Number
2011353422
Authors
Hatemi A.C. Ulusoy R.E. Gursoy M. Tongut A. Canikoglu M. Kaya A. Ay N.P.
Enar R. Sozer F.F. Karaoglu K. Kansiz E.
Institution
(Hatemi, Gursoy, Tongut, Canikoglu, Kansiz) Department of Cardiovascular
Surgery, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
(Ulusoy) Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy
Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
(Kaya) Department of Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Cardiology,
Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
(Ay) Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University,
Istanbul, Turkey
(Enar) Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul
University, Istanbul, Turkey
(Sozer, Karaoglu) Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Institute
of Cardiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
Title
Myocardial protection with simultaneous antegrade/vein graft cardioplegia
compared to antegrade cardioplegia alone in elective coronary artery
bypass grafting patients.
Source
Balkan Medical Journal. 28 (1) (pp 75-79), 2011. Date of Publication:
2011.
Publisher
AVES Publishing Co. (Kizilelma CAD. 5/3, Findikzade- Istanbul 34096,
Turkey)
Abstract
Objective: Cardioplegia distribution beyond a stenotic coronary artery may
not be adequate. This problem can be overcome by direct delivery of
cardioplegia via the vein grafts anastomosed during the operation. The aim
of this study is to investigate the results of simultaneous antegrade/vein
graft cardioplegia versus antegrade cardioplegia alone in elective CABG
patients. Material and Methods: Forty consecutive patients were randomized
into the study group to whom antegrade/vein cardioplegia and to the
control group to whom only antegrade cardioplegia was given. Both groups
were similar with respect to demographic characteristics, postoperative
ECG changes and arrhythmia in the ICU, as well as in terms of operative
and postoperative variables (p>0.05). Results: All patients had excellent
operative and postoperative periods without any complications or death.
Release of total CK, CKMB, cTnI and lactate did not differ in the
preoperative and the frst 12^th hour (p>0.05) between the
groups, whereas in the study group a peak for total CK, CKMB, cTnI and
actate, consistent with myocardial injury (p<0.05), was found in the frst
24^th hour, which returned in the 48^th hour (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The primary fnding of this study is the inferiority of
myocardial protection with simultaneous antegrade/vein graft cardioplegia
compared with antegrade cardioplegia alone. Trakya University Faculty of
Medicine.

<2>
Accession Number
2011294372
Authors
Hatemi A.C. Ulusoy R.E. Gursoy M. Tongut A. Canikoglu M. Kaya A. Ay N.P.
Enar R. Sozer F.F. Karaoglu K. Kansiz E.
Institution
(Hatemi, Gursoy, Tongut, Canikoglu, Kansiz) Department of Cardiovascular
Surgery, Institute of Cardiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
(Ulusoy) Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy
Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
(Kaya) Department of Biochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Cardiology,
Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
(Ay) Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University,
Istanbul, Turkey
(Enar) Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul
University, Istanbul, Turkey
(Sozer, Karaoglu) Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Institute
of Cardiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
Title
Myocardial protection with simultaneous antegrade/vein graft cardioplegia
compared to antegrade cardioplegia alone in elective coronary artery
bypass grafting patients.
Source
Balkan Medical Journal. 28 (1) (pp 75-79), 2011. Date of Publication:
2011.
Publisher
AVES Publishing Co. (Kizilelma CAD. 5/3, Findikzade- Istanbul 34096,
Turkey)
Abstract
Objective: Cardioplegia distribution beyond a stenotic coronary artery may
not be adequate. This problem can be overcome by direct delivery of
cardioplegia via the vein grafts anastomosed during the operation. The aim
of this study is to investigate the results of simultaneous antegrade/vein
graft cardioplegia versus antegrade cardioplegia alone in elective CABG
patients. Material and Methods: Forty consecutive patients were randomized
into the study group to whom antegrade/vein cardioplegia and to the
control group to whom only antegrade cardioplegia was given. Both groups
were similar with respect to demographic characteristics, postoperative
ECG changes and arrhythmia in the ICU, as well as in terms of operative
and postoperative variables (p>0.05). Results: All patients had excellent
operative and postoperative periods without any complications or death.
Release of total CK, CKMB, cTnI and lactate did not differ in the
preoperative and the first 12^th hour (p>0.05) between the
groups, whereas in the study group a peak for total CK, CKMB, cTnI and
lactate, consistent with myocardial injury (p<0.05), was found in the
first 24^th hour, which returned in the 48th hour (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The primary finding of this study is the inferiority of
myocardial protection with simultaneous antegrade/vein graft cardioplegia
compared with antegrade cardioplegia alone. Trakya University Faculty of
Medicine.

<3>
Accession Number
2011499618
Authors
Salgado Filho M.F. Cordeiro V.H. Mota S. Prota M. Lopez M.N. de Lara R.A.
Institution
(Salgado Filho, Cordeiro, Mota, Prota, Lopez, de Lara) Health from
Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Anesthesiologist of INC/MS,
UNIPAC-JF, Brazil
Title
Comparison between the Hemodynamic Parameters of Rigid Laryngoscopy and
Lighted Stylet in Patients with Coronariopathies.
Source
Revista Brasileira de Anestesiologia. 61 (4) (pp 447-455), 2011. Date of
Publication: July-August 2011.
Publisher
Elsevier (P.O. Box 211, Amsterdam 1000 AE, Netherlands)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Anesthesiologists are responsible for airway
management whenever they assume the anesthesia of a patient. In this
study, we compare the hemodynamic parameters of rigid laryngoscopy and
lighted stylet in patients with coronariopathies. Patients and methods:
This randomized clinical trial included 40 patients undergoing myocardial
revascularization assigned into two groups: lighted stylet and rigid
laryngoscope. Besides time of tracheal intubation in each group, heart
rate, mean arterial pressure, changes in ST segment, and central venous
pressure were evaluated during patient preparation, 1 minute and 5 minutes
after anesthetic induction, and 1 minute after tracheal intubation.
Results: Both groups were homogenous regarding demographic data. Time of
tracheal intubation in the rigid laryngoscope group (24 +/- 5 sec) was
lower than that of the lighted stylet group (28 +/- 7 sec), but without
significance. Heart rate showed a reduction in both groups during
anesthetic induction (p < 0.05), but 1 minute after tracheal intubation
the heart rate increased to levels close to baseline levels in both groups
(p > 0.05). In the rigid laryngoscope group mean arterial pressure
increased after tracheal intubation to levels close to those observed
during patient preparation (p > 0.05), while in the lighted stylet group
mean arterial pressure remained below baseline levels (p < 0.05). Central
venous pressure increased on both groups at all times (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: It was possible to observe that both techniques are safe for
tracheal intubation in patients with coronariopathies. However, lighted
stylet has fewer repercussions on mean arterial pressure. 2011 Elsevier
Editora Ltda.

<4>
Accession Number
2011494713
Authors
Anselm D.D. Anselm A.H. Renaud J. Atkins H.L. De Kemp R. Burwash I.G.
Williams K.A. Guo A. Kelly C. Dasilva J. Beanlands R.S.B. Glover C.A.
Institution
(Anselm, Anselm, Renaud, De Kemp, Burwash, Williams, Guo, Kelly, Dasilva,
Beanlands, Glover) Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology,
University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin St., Ottawa, ON K1Y 4WY,
Canada
(Anselm) Queen's University, School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada
(Atkins) Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital,
Ottawa, ON, Canada
Title
Altered myocardial glucose utilization and the reverse mismatch pattern on
rubidium-82 perfusion/F-18-FDG PET during the sub-acute phase following
reperfusion of acute anterior myocardial infarction.
Source
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology. 18 (4) (pp 657-667), 2011. Date of
Publication: August 2011.
Publisher
Springer New York (233 Springer Street, New York NY 10013-1578, United
States)
Abstract
Background: Reperfused myocardium post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
may have altered metabolism with implications for therapy response and
function recovery. We explored glucose utilization and the "reverse
mismatch" (RMM) pattern (decreased F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake
relative to perfusion) in patients who underwent mechanical reperfusion
with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for AMI. Methods and
Results: Thirty-one patients with anterior wall AMI treated with acute
reperfusion, with left ventricular ejection fraction <=45%, underwent rest
rubidium-82 (Rb-82) and FDG PET 2-10 days post-AMI. Resting
echocardiograms were used to assess wall motion abnormalities. Significant
RMM occurred in 15 (48%) patients and was associated with a shorter time
to PCI of 2.9 hours (2.2, 13.3 hours) compared to patients without
significant RMM: 11.4 hours (3.9, 22.4 hours) (P = .03). Within the
peri-infarct regions, segments with significant RMM were more likely to
have wall motion abnormalities (OR = 2.3 (1.1, 4.7), P = .02) compared to
segments without significant RMM. Conclusions: RMM is a common pattern on
perfusion/FDG PET during the sub-acute phase following reperfusion of AMI
and is associated with shorter times to PCI. Within the peri-infarct
region, RMM occurs frequently and is more often associated with wall
motion abnormalities than segments without RMM. Whether this represents a
myocardial metabolic shift during the sub-acute phase of recovery warrants
further study. 2011 American Society of Nuclear Cardiology.

<5>
Accession Number
2011495790
Authors
Chen Y.-F. Redetzke R.A. Sivertson R.M. Coburn T.S. Cypher L.R. Gerdes
A.M.
Institution
(Chen, Redetzke, Sivertson, Coburn, Cypher, Gerdes) Cardiovascular Health
Research Center, Sanford Research/University of South Dakota, 1100 East
21st Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, United States
Title
Post-myocardial infarction left ventricular myocyte remodeling: Are there
gender differences in rats?.
Source
Cardiovascular Pathology. 20 (5) (pp e189-e195), 2011. Date of
Publication: September-October 2011.
Publisher
Elsevier Inc. (360 Park Avenue South, New York NY 10010, United States)
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown gender differences in left
ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. Results are varied,
however, and reliable, comprehensive data for changes in cardiac myocyte
shape are not available. Methods: Young adult female and male
Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study and randomly assigned to the
myocardial infarction and sham myocardial infarction groups. Myocardial
infarction was produced by ligation of the left descending coronary
artery. Four weeks after surgery, left ventricular echocardiography and
hemodynamics were performed before isolating myocytes for size
determination. Results: In general, left ventricular functional changes
after myocardial infarction were comparable. Females developed slightly,
but significantly, more left ventricular hypertrophy than males, and this
was reflected by the relative increases in left ventricular myocyte
volume. In both males and females, however, myocyte hypertrophy was due
exclusively to lengthening of myocytes with no change in myocyte
cross-sectional area. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that
post-myocardial infarction changes in LV function and myocyte remodeling
are remarkably similar in young adult male and female rats. 2011 Elsevier
Inc. All rights reserved.

<6>
Accession Number
2011505643
Authors
Morel J. Salard M. Castelain C. Bayon M.C. Lambert P. Vola M. Auboyer C.
Molliex S.
Institution
(Morel, Salard, Castelain, Bayon, Lambert, Auboyer, Molliex) Departement
d'Anesthesie Reanimation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint
Etienne, F-42055 Saint Etienne, France
(Vola) Departement de Chirurgie Cardio-vasculaire, Centre Hospitalier
Universitaire de Saint Etienne, F-42055 Saint Etienne, France
Title
Haemodynamic consequences of etomidate administration in elective cardiac
surgery: A randomized double-blinded study.
Source
British Journal of Anaesthesia. 107 (4) (pp 503-509), 2011. Date of
Publication: October 2011.
Publisher
Oxford University Press (Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, United
Kingdom)
Abstract
Background The consequences of inhibition of cortisol synthesis by a
single dose of etomidate on subsequent vasopressor drug usage and the
duration of relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) after cardiac surgery are
not known. Methods This was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded
controlled trial of 100 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery and
receiving either etomidate or propofol at induction of anaesthesia. A
short corticotropin test was performed 12, 24, and 48 h after anaesthesia
induction. RAI was defined as a response <250 nmol litre^-1.
Results The mean (sd) norepinephrine infusion rate during the first 48
postoperative hours was 0.11 (0.01) and 0.11 (0.01) mug kg^-1
min^-1 in the etomidate and propofol groups, respectively
(P=0.89). Time to norepinephrine withdrawal was similar between the
groups. The incidence of RAI was higher in the etomidate group at 12 h
(100 vs 41, P<0.001) and 24 h (85 vs 25, P<0.001). Conclusions A single
bolus of etomidate blunts the hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal axis response
for more than 24 h in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery, but
this was not associated with an increase in vasopressor requirements.
2011 The Author.

<7>
Accession Number
21597409
Authors
Holinski S. Claus B. Alaaraj N. Dohmen P.M. Neumann K. Uebelhack R.
Konertz W.
Institution
(Holinski, Claus, Alaaraj, Dohmen, Konertz) Department of Cardiovascular
Surgery, Charite Hospital, Medical University, Schumannstr. 20/21, Berlin
10117, Germany
(Neumann) Department of Biometry, Charite Hospital, Medical University,
Berlin, Germany
(Uebelhack) Department of Psychiatry, Charite Hospital, Medical
University, Berlin, Germany
Title
Cerebroprotective effect of piracetam in patients undergoing open heart
surgery.
Source
Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 17 (2) (pp 137-142), 2011.
Date of Publication: April 2011.
Publisher
Japanese Association for Coronary Artery Surgery (2-1 Nibancho,
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0084, Japan)
Abstract
Objectives: Reduction of cognitive function is a possible side effect
after the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery.
Since it has been proven that piracetam is cerebroprotective in patients
undergoing coronary bypass surgery, we investigated the effects of
piracetam on the cognitive performance of patients undergoing open heart
surgery. Methods: Patients scheduled for elective open heart surgery were
randomized to the piracetam or placebo group in a double-blind study.
Patients received 12 g of piracetam or placebo at the beginning of the
operation. Six neuropsychological subtests from the Syndrom Kurz Test and
the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale were performed preoperatively and
on day 3, post-operatively. To assess the overall cognitive function and
the degree of cognitive decline across all tests after the surgery, we
combined the six test-scores by principal component analysis. Results: A
total of 88 patients with a mean age of 67 years were enrolled into the
study. The mean duration of CPB was 110 minutes. Preoperative clinical
parameters and overall cognitive functions were not significantly
different between the groups. The postoperative combined score of the
neuropsychological tests showed deterioration of cognitive function in
both groups (piracetam: preoperative 0.19 +/- 0.97 vs. postoperative -0.97
+/- 1.38, p <0.0005 and placebo: preoperative -0.14 +/- 0.98 vs.
postoperative -1.35 +/- 1.23, p <0.0005). Patients taking piracetam did
not perform better than those taking placebo, and both groups had the same
decline of overall cognitive function (p = 0.955). Conclusion: Piracetam
had no cerebroprotective effect in patients undergoing open heart surgery.
Unlike the patients who underwent coronary surgery, piracetam did not
reduce the early postoperative decline of neuropsychological abilities in
heart valve patients. 2011 The Editorial Committee of Annals of Thoracic
and Cardiovascular Surgery.

<8>
Accession Number
2011483532
Authors
Song J.E. Kang W.S. Kim D.K. Yoon T.G. Kim T.Y. Bang Y.-S. Kim S.H.
Institution
(Song, Kang, Kim, Yoon, Kim, Kim) Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain
Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
(Bang) Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, CHA Bundang
Medical Centre, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
Title
The effect of ulinastatin on postoperative blood loss in patients
undergoing open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Source
Journal of International Medical Research. 39 (4) (pp 1201-1210), 2011.
Date of Publication: 2011.
Publisher
Field House Publishing (6 Sompting Ave, Worthing BN14 8HN, United Kingdom)
Abstract
This prospective, randomized, doubleblind study evaluated the effect of
ulinastatin on postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements of
patients undergoing open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)
and aortic cross-clamping (ACC). CPB and ACC produce variable systemic
inflammatory reactions that are associated with multiorgan dysfunction via
leucocytes, especially polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). PMNs increase
blood loss and transfusion requirements. Ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin
inhibitor, inhibits PMN activity and reduces the systemic inflammatory
response. Patients received either 5000 U/kg ulinastatin or the equivalent
volume of normal saline (control group) before ACC. Postoperative blood
loss and transfusion requirements were recorded. Duration of intubation
and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) were also noted. There
were no statistically significant between-group differences in
postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements. Ulinastatin caused
a non-significant decrease in duration of intubation. Patients who
received ulinastatin had significantly shorter ICU stays than control
patients. 2011 Field House Publishing LLP.

<9>
Accession Number
2011483528
Authors
Shi M. Huang J. Pang L. Wang Y.
Institution
(Shi, Huang, Pang, Wang) Department of Cardiac and Chest Surgery, Huashan
Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Title
Preoperative insertion of an intra-aortic balloon pump improved the
prognosis of high-risk patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass
grafting.
Source
Journal of International Medical Research. 39 (4) (pp 1163-1168), 2011.
Date of Publication: 2011.
Publisher
Field House Publishing (6 Sompting Ave, Worthing BN14 8HN, United Kingdom)
Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy and safety of preoperative insertion
of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in highrisk coronary
atherosclerotic disease patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery
bypass grafting (OPCAB). A total of 232 patients were recruited to the
study, of whom 107 underwent percutaneous insertion of an IABP prior to
OPCAB. The remaining 125 patients underwent OPCAB alone. Pre-, peri- and
postoperative parameters were compared between the two groups.
Preoperative insertion of an IABP was associated with a shorter stay in
intensive care, decreased incidence of postoperative dialysis and acute
heart failure, and a reduction in postoperative mortality compared with
OPCAB alone. There were no between-group differences in terms of
haematocrit level, number of distal anastomoses, volume of postoperative
drainage or incidence of reoperation for bleeding and postoperative
stroke/cerebrovascular accident. In conclusion, preoperative insertion of
an IABP improved the prognosis of high-risk CAD patients undergoing OPCAB.
2011 Field House Publishing LLP.

<10>
Accession Number
2011501917
Authors
Ryder R.E.J.
Institution
(Ryder) Diabetes and Endocrine Unit, City Hospital, Dudley Road,
Birmingham B18 7QH, United Kingdom
Title
Pioglitazone: An agent which reduces stroke, myocardial infarction and
death and is also a key component of the modern paradigm for the optimum
management of type 2 diabetes.
Source
British Journal of Diabetes and Vascular Disease. 11 (3) (pp 113-120),
2011. Date of Publication: May-June 2011.
Publisher
SAGE Publications Ltd (55 City Road, London EC1Y 1SP, United Kingdom)
Abstract
A randomised controlled trial (RCT), the PROactive study, was undertaken
to see if pioglitazone improved cardiovascular outcomes in type 2
diabetes. Initially the results were controversial and pioglitazone was
not widely recognised as a beneficial agent for cardiovascular disease. A
meta-analysis of rosiglitazone studies raising the possibility that it was
associated with cardiovascular harm received worldwide media attention and
the negative concern spread to involve pioglitazone through presumed
'class-effect'. A careful re-look at the detail of the PROactive's primary
composite endpoint, which led to the controversy over the outcome,
suggests that medical statistics may have been inadequate to reveal the
real clinical effect. A number of other studies support the interpretation
that pioglitazone significantly improves cardiovascular outcomes. While
the potential risk:benefit of pioglitazone needs to be acknowledged, it
now also needs to be recognised that pioglitazone and metformin are the
only glucose-lowering agents with RCT data demonstrating a reduction in
stroke, myocardial infarction and death in type 2 diabetes. Furthermore
there now exists a strong case that even in type 2 diabetes patients
without known cardiovascular disease, the modern paradigm for management
should involve the combination of metformin, pioglitazone and
glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists used early and aggressively to achieve a
target glycated haemoglobin A_1C <6%. The Author(s), 2011.

<11>
Accession Number
70527117
Authors
Benck U. Schemmer P. Stockle A. Hoeger S. Yard B.A. Kramer B.K. Schnuelle
P.
Institution
(Benck, Stockle, Hoeger, Yard, Kramer, Schnuelle) University Medical
Centre Mannheim, 5th Department of Medicine, Mannheim, Germany
(Schemmer) Liver Transplant Center, Heidelberg University Hospital,
Heidelberg, Germany
Title
Donor dopamine does not affect graft survival after liver transplantation:
Data from a randomized controlled trial.
Source
Transplant International. Conference: 15th Congress of the European
Society for Organ Transplantation, ESOT and 22nd Annual Conference of the
British Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics, BSHI Glasgow
United Kingdom. Conference Start: 20110904 Conference End: 20110907.
Conference Publication: (var.pagings). 24 (pp 11), 2011. Date of
Publication: September 2011.
Publisher
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Abstract
Background: Treatment of the deceased heart-beating donor with low-dose
dopamine results in less dialysis requirement after kidney transplantation
and appears to improve the outcome after heart transplantation. This study
investigates the clinical course of liver allografts from multi-organ
donors that were enrolled in the randomized dopamine trial
(clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00115115). Methods: Between March 2004
and August 2007, 264 brain-dead donors were randomly assigned to receive
or to not receive low-dose dopamine. Eligibility criteria included
circulatory stability under low-dose norepinephrine. The present study is
nested in the randomized controlled trial of donor pretreatment with
dopamine. We assessed the outcomes of 197 liver transplants performed at
32 European centers. Results: Dopamine was infused at 4mug/kg/min for a
median duration of 362 minutes (IQR 182 minutes). Donors and recipients
were very similar in baseline characteristics. Thirty-four recipients
(16.8%) were transplanted with high urgency and 23 (11.7%) received a
repeat transplant. Pretransplant MELD score was not different in
recipients of a dopamine treated vs. untreated graft (18+/-8 vs. 19+/-9,
p=0.28). Mean cold ischemic time was 632+/-172 vs. 600+/-170 minutes
(p=0.20). Following transplantation, no differences occurred in
biopsyproven rejection episodes (15.3% vs. 17.2%, p=0.85), requirement of
hemofiltration (27.6% vs. 27.3%, p=0.99), and in-hospital mortality (13.3%
vs. 12.1%, p=0.85). Graft survival was 72.5% vs. 74.8% and 61.2% vs. 63.6%
at one and three years. Conclusion: Contrasting heart and kidney
transplantation, donor pretreatment with dopamine does not improve the
outcome after liver transplantation. Since liver cells specifically
express s-COMT with high activity, dopamine is rapidly degraded in-vivo,
which most likely abrogates its potential to protect the liver graft from
oxidative stress under cold storage conditions.